ABSTRACT
In this study ,we aim to identify the protein interaction site of microneme protein 2 (MIC2) and aldolase in Toxoplasma gondii .The tryptophan (Trp ,W) at site 767 of carboxyl terminus of MIC2 (MIC2C) was mutated into alanine (Ala ,A) by site-directed mutagenesis to construct plasmid MIC2C W/A/pGEX-4T-1 .The mutant protein GST-MIC2C W/A was expressed in E .coli upon IPTG induction .Glutathione sepharose beads were incubated with GST-MIC2C W/A and GST-MIC2C respectively ,then incubated with tachyzoite lysates ,and bound proteins were eluted using sample buffer .Eluants were resolved by SDS-PAGE and Western blot .A protein band specifically recognized by anti-aldolase antibody was detected in prod-ucts coming from GST pull-down of GST-MIC2C ,but not in pull-down products coming from GST-MIC2C W/A .With muta-tion of MIC2C W767 to A ,MIC2 protein lost the binding ability to aldolase .Tryptophan (W767 ) was the protein interaction site of MIC2 and aldolase in T .gondii .
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of salvianolate injection on blood levels of high sensitively C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods The elderly patients with AMI (AMI group,n=160) and healthy controls (control group.n=30) were enrolled in this study and their blood concentrations of PAPP A,hs CRP and BNP were detected before and two weeks after treatment.The elderly patients in AMI group were randomized into conventional treatment group (n =80) and salvianolate group (n =80).Results The levels of PAPP-A,hs-CRP and BNP were significantly higher in AMI patients [(12.88±2.56) mg/L,(20.13 ±5.35) mU/L,(412.0±69.5) ng/L,respectively] than in healthy subjects[(1.20±0.88) mg/L,(1.90±0.46) mU/L,(89.0±5.6) ng/L,respectively] (t=24.670,3.780,11.939,respectively,P ＜0.01).But,before treatment there were no significant differences in the levels of PAPP-A,hs-CRP and BNP between the AMI group and control group (t=0.864,0.712,0.985,all P＞0.05).After two weeks of treatment,as compared with control group,AMI group showed that the serum concentrations of PAPP-A,hs-CRP and BNP were decreased significantly (P＜0.05).The levels of PAPP A,hs-CRP and BNP were (3.83±1.20) mg/L,(1.33±0.38) mU/L,(105.0±31.2) ng/L in salvianolate group and (5.71± 1.93) mg/L,(1.81±0.72) mU/L,(150.0±36.7) ng/L in conventional treatment group respectively,and the decrements in levels of PAPP-A,hs CRP and BNP were greater in the former than in the latter(t=7.399,5.273,8.356,respectively,all P＜0.05).Conclusions The dynamic serum concentrations of PAPP-A,hs CRP and BNP can be used as clinical indexes for the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction.Salvianolate injection can significantly decrease the serum levels of PAPP A,hs CRP and BNP.The salvianolate injection may have anti inflammatory effect and improve cardiac function in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction,but the mechanism is still to be further discussed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of reteplase(rPA) combined with reduced glutathione(GSH) for the treatment of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods 80 patients with STEMI received in our hospital from Feb 2010 to Feb 2013 were divided into observation group and control group according to the treatment type,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with rPA for intravenous injection on the basis of conventional treatment,and the observation group was added reduced GSH intravenously on the basis of control group.The recanalization rate,myocardial enzymes levels,ventricular structure and function of the heart and major adverse cardiac events in the two groups of patients were compared.Results There canalization rate in observation group was 90％ after treatment,compared with the control group (82.5％) which showed no significant difference as compared with the control group(90％ vs.82％,P＞0.05).Serum creatine kinase-MB fraction(CK-MB),cardiac troponin(cTn) I and TcTnI and cTnT levels in observation group after 24h were significantly lower in observation group than in the control group after 24 h of treatment(t=10.44,6.008,29.63,respectively,all P＜0.05); left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESd) in observation group were significantly shorter and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher in observation group than in the control group after 1 month of treatment (t =4.543,5.605,4.652,respectively,all P＜0.05).The incidence of cardiogenic shock,reinfarction,angina and arrhythmia in observation group were significantly lower in observation group than in the control group(x2=5.128,7.825,6.000,4.669,respectively,all P＜0.05).Conclusions rPA combined with reduced GSH for the treatment of STEMI had is significantly effective,safe and reliable,has fewer complications,and is worthy of clinical promotion.
ABSTRACT
The effects of electric currents applied during absolute refractory period (ARP) on the cardiac function of rabbits with heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI), and the safety of this method were investigated. Thirty rabbits were randomly assigned equally to 3 groups: sham-operated group, LV-anterior wall cardiac contractility modulation (LV-CCM) group, and septum-CCM (S-CCM) group. A thoracotomy was performed on all the rabbits. Electric pulses were delivered during the ARP on the anterior wall of left ventricle in CCM group and in the septum in S-CCM group, respectively. The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and maximum positive left ventricular pressure change (+dp/dt(max)), heart rates, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation were observed. It was found that, as compared with the baseline, LVSP, and +dp/dtmax were significantly increased, on average, by 15.2% and 19.5% in LV-CCM group (P<0.05), and by 8.5% and 10.8% in S-CCM group (P<0.05). LVEDP was significantly decreased and -dp/dt(max) increased both in LV-CCM group and S-CCM group (P<0.05). CCM had no effect on heart rate and induced no arrhythmia in short time. It is concluded that electric currents delivered during the ARP could significantly enhance the contractility of myocardium safely, suggesting that CCM stimulation is a novel potent method for contractility modulation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of electric stimulation applied during absolute refractory period on contraction and relaxation and Ca 2+ transient of ventricular myocytes from normal guinea-pigs. Methods The ventricular myocytes of guinea-pigs were obtained by enzyme digesting, and the extent of the contraction and relaxation and Ca 2+ transient were recorded through the motion edge detection system. The Ca 2+ transient was reflected by fluorescence ratio (360/380) ( F 360/F 380). Results The ventricular myocytes from the normal guinea-pigs: ①The contraction extent of guinea-pig ventricular myocytes increased by (16.55?5.49)%. The peak velocity of shorting (contraction) and the peak velocity of relengthening (relaxation) increased by (17.43?7.08)% and (19.74?9.08)%, respectively(n=10); ②The extent of F 360/F 380 increased (25.79?6.88)%. The peak velocity of F 360/F 380 increased by (29.47?9.25)% and (22.52?7.81)% during shortening and relengthening, respectively(n=10). The ventricular myocytes from failure guinea-pigs: ①The contraction extent of guinea-pig ventricular myocytes increased by (15.53?5.31)%. The peak velocity of shortening (contraction) and the peak velocity of relengthening (relaxation) increased by (10.60?3.02)% and (23.32?8.26)%, respectively(n=6); ②The extent of F 360/F 380 increased (16.82?7.03)%. The peak velocity of F 360/F 380 increased by (16.27?5.91)% and (10.32?2.46)% during shorenting and relengthening, respectively(n=6). Conclusion Appropriate electric stimulation applied during absolute refractory period might strengthen the contracting and relaxing function of normal and failing ventricular myocytes in guinea-pigs.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the animal model of guinea pig chronic heart failure and compensatory hypertrophy. Methods:Thirteen chronic heart failure models were made by placing a constricting band around the ascending aorta of guinea pigs,raised in the same house of 10 normal guinea pigs. The contrasting indexes in 6 weeks include: clinical features, hemodynamics, the mass ratio of ventricular over body, the width of left ventriculat hypertrophy. Results:One model died, 4 models without dyspnea showed increasing in left ventricular pressure and the mass ratio of ventricular over body, whereas the left ventricular end diastolic pressure showecl no significant different. Eight models with dyspnea showed striking increasing in left ventricular pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure, as well as the mass ratio of ventricular over body and the width of left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion:The animal model of guinea pig chronic heart failure and compensatory hypertrophy may be formed by constricting the ascending aortas of guinea pigs for 6 weeks.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the influences of electric stimulation applied during the absolute refractory period (ARP) on the cardiac function of normal rabbits and rabbits after myocardial infarction (MI) and to observe the regional effects of this electric stimulation. METHODS: 64 rabbits were randomly assigned to normal and MI groups and each group was then divided into the anterior and posterior groups. A thoracotomy was performed 4 weeks after MI in rabbits. One set of electrodes was inserted into the anterior and posterior wall of left ventricle of the anterior and posterior groups, respectively. Current pulses were delivered during the ARP (called CCM) during sinus rhythm in rabbits. The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) as well as maximum positive and negative left ventricular pressure change (?dp/dt_(max)) were observed. RESULTS: In the normal and MI groups, LVSP, +dp/dt_(max) significantly increased, and LVEDP, -dp/dt_(max) were reduced during CCM stimulation compared with the baseline (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Electric stimulation delivered during the ARP significantly enhances the contractility and the relaxation of myocardium in normal rabbits and rabbits after MI, and the effects of CCM stimulation on heart are regional. [
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the efficiency of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) with different concentrations in prevention of Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice.MethodsKunming-mice were randomly divided into four groups for the application of the vaseline ointment with different DEET concentrations (0,10%,20% and 30%). After the abdominal skin of the mice were smeared with those DEETs above mentioned and dipped into water for 10,30 min,1,2 h and 4 h, the mice were infected with (505) cercariae respectively. After infected for 6-7 weeks, all of the mice were sacrificed,and by perfusing heart the worms were collected and counted.Worm reduction rates were calculated and the rank sum tests were carried out. ResultsAt the time points of 1,2 and 4 h , the worm reduction rates were 78.34%,63.15% and 40.23% for 10% DEET vaseline ointment, 98.61%,93.37% and 75.74% for 20% DEET vaseline ointment and 100.00%,98.61% and 93.07% for 30% DEET vaseline oinment respectively(H =10.06,10.84,10.80,all P
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the effica cy of three N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) formulations against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice. Methods Three 10% DEET formulations (DEET isopropanol solution,DEET cr eam and DEET vaseline ointment)were prepared and two experiments, no-dipping or dipping after applying DEET preparation ,were designed. In each experiment, mice were randomly divided into three experiment groups and three control groups . D ifferent DEET preparations were applied in the experiment groups and isopropanol solution, “yumeijing” cream , vaseline ointment were applied in the control g roups, respectively. At different time points after skin application (0.5, 1, 2 , 4 h and 8 h),the mice were infected with (50?5) Schistosoma j apon icum cercariae on the abdominal skin in no dipping experiment. I n dipping experiment,after mice skin were applied and were dipped for 10,30 min, 1 ,2 h and 4 h, respectively, the mice were infected with (50?5) cercariae. Af ter 6-7 weeks ,all the mice were sacrificed and the worms were collected by hea rt perfusion and counted.Worm reduction rates were calculated and rank sum tests w ere carried out. Results In no-dipping experim ent,three DEET formulations provided 100.0% protection in mice at least for 1 h .A t 2 ,4 h and 8 h ,the worm reduction rates were 94.8%,89.9% and 13.3% for DE ET isopropanol solution, 100.0%,97.8% and 50.7% for DEET cream and 100.0%,9 9.0% and 9 8.0% for DEET vaseline oinment, respectively. In dipping experi-ment, given 50.0% wor m reduction rate as efficient in preventing penetration by the cercariae, the e ffective times were 10 min for DEET isopropanol solution,30 min for DEET cream a nd 2 h for DEET vaseline oinment,respectively. Conclusion Three DEET formulations are effectiv e in preventing Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice.DEET vaseline oinment can provide better protection than the other two D EET formulations.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the influences of bradykinin(BK)on left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac function in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI) therapy in rats after myocardial infarction. METHODS: The effects of enalapril (500 ?g?kg -1 ?d -1 ), enalapril (500 ?g?kg -1 ?d -1 )with BKB 2 receptor antagonist (Hoe-140 500 ?g?kg -1 ?d -1 ), losartan(3 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) on left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximum positive left ventricular pressure change (+d p /d t max ) and LVW/BW as well as V(m)n of noinfarcted area were examined after 4 weeks treatment in rats after myocardial infarction. RESULTS: The values of LVEDP, LVW/BW and V(m)n of three treatment groups were higher than that of untreated MI group ( P